american article

"The key difference with the 1943 case is the lack of evidence here that any compulsion has been employed. The school principal and Richard's teacher both attested that no student is required to recite or to stand during the pledge, and Sherman presented no evidence to the contrary. The law itself contains no penalty for refusal to participate."

"The Supreme Court ruled in 1943 that no one can be forced to say the Pledge of Allegiance, declaring that 'no official, high or petty, can prescribe what shall be orthodox in politics, nationalism, religion or other matters of opinion, or force citizens to confess by word or act their faith therein.'"

(Sherman, Wheeling Township, Illn., ca. 1979)

"It is possible to foster both patriotism and tolerance for those who reject it-"

note: the material herein is not necessarily a reflection of entropy of current societies.