chemistryA Story by Pandamoonthis is my chem notes really tiny.Energy-capacity to do work.
3types, kinetic-motion,potential-stored,radient-heat. Jole-SI uit of energy
after james joule. 1cal=4.184 J.Energy no crate or destroyed-conservation of
energy, by james joule. 1st thmometer by galileo. 1st
good thermometer by Gabriel Fahrenheit. Anders celcius made scale, 0 is water
frezing point, 100 boiling point.F=Cx1.8t32. C=F-32/1.8. K=Ct237. C=K-273.
Kelvin, SI unit 4temp. Like Celsius but 0is absolute 0. Matter has 6states,
solid,liquid,gas,plasma,bose-einstein,fermion. Physical prop observe without altering.Alter
to observing chemical prop. Conservation of mater, by antonie Lavoisier, no
destroy or creat. Elements no broken down. Compounds 2or more elements
combined.Heterogeneous-filtration. Homogeneous-distillation,crystallization,chromatography.Jhon
Dalton,theory of matter- element made of small particales called atoms,all atoms
of same element identical,atoms no crate or destroy,compound has same
#&kind of atoms. Michael faraday- structure of atom related to electricity.
Ben Fraklin found 2 charges.J.J Thomson-cathode ray tube made of negative
particals,Cathode is neg,Anode positive,named neg particcals electrons. Rbert
Millikan-oil drop,electron is 9.11x10-28g. Henri Becquerel, found radioactivity
by mistake. Put uranium on film. Curies found radium&polonium so given
credit for finding radioactivity.ernest Rutherford, father of chem, found
+particals named them alpha, found �"particals named them beta, nutral named
beta. Daltons madel of atom hard&round. Thomsons -&+charges evenly
distributed. Rutherfords +n nucleus&- outside nucleus.Bhors protons and
neutrons n nucleus&electrons orbiting outside nucleus. Protons&electrons=atomic#.
Neutrons=atomic mass-atomic#. Orbit,1-2,2-8,3-8,4-18,5-18,6-32,7-32.Henery
Moseley-worked under Rutherford, found identity of atoms comes from #of
+charges,named proton. +ions lose electrons, -gain. Isotopes-atoms w/ same # of
protons but diff # of neutrons. Kinds of radiation atoms hve-alpha-low
penetration,beta-mid penetration,gamma-no penetration.Energy measured in
quantum.d sublevel starts at 3.Dobereiner-triads. Newland-octaves.Mendeleev-atomic
mass,left blanks.metals-left side of stair.Nonmetals left.Semimeatals touch.
Atomic radii increases down&left. Ionization-energey needed
2remove1electron.Electronegativity up when move up and left.metal-nonmetal,metal
name same non goes 2ide.metal-poly,both same. Trans metal-nonmetal, trans same roman
non gets ide.Trans-poly, same but roman.when both non use prefix and ide.ide=hydro&ic.ate=ic.ite=ous.linaer=3.trigonal=4.tetrahedral=5.pyramidal
=4&: Naturel law-tested and
come out same. Theory-tested no proven. Variable-thing being tested.mass-amount
of matter.Derived unit-formed from base units.Density-ratio of mass and
volume.Dependant variable-change due 2outside forces.acuracy-mesurment close 2
standered.dimensional analysis-converting between units.Compound-2or more
elements chemically combined. Element-cannot be separated anymore. Pure
substance-unique set of physical&chemical props.Miture-blend of2 or more
substances.matter-anything tht has mass&volume.Atom-smallestpart of element
retaning chemical identity.Electron-negative.atomic mass unit-expressed mass of
1unit or partical.atomic mass-adverage of existing isotopes in a element. Nuclear
reaction-reaction tht changes nucleus of atom. Radioactive decay-radiation
atoms emit while decomposing. Nuclear equation-equation keeps track of
reactions compontents.Amplitude-origin to trough. Frequency-higeth of whole
wave. Crest-top of wave. Wave leangth-one crest to another. Trough-lowest point
on wave.quantum-energy absorbed per electron group. Quantum #-# assigned to
orbit.Ground state-state below level 1. Excited state-first state in electron
config.electron density-how dense a orbit is. Orbital-area where electrons r
found.Electron congfig-energy level/sublevel/#of electrons. © 2012 PandamoonAuthor's Note
|
Stats
174 Views
Added on January 19, 2012 Last Updated on January 19, 2012 |