Titles of Nobles and Royals.A Lesson by QueenBee2 This is a list of title and Royals. The British Empire King/Queen. Prince/Princess. Duke/Duchess. Marquess/Marchioness. Earl/Countess. Viscount/Viscountess. Baron/Baroness. See more hereditary western European titles of nobility. Ancient Rome Much of the British hierarchy’s structure (and indeed some of its words) comes from that of the Roman Empire. Most of Europe uses the following structure and their own versions of these Latin words: Imperator/Caeser (Emperor) Rex/Regina (King/Queen) Magnus Dux/Magna Ducissa (Grand Duke/Grand Duchess) Archidux/Archiducissa (Archduke/Archduchess) Dux/Ducissa (Duke/Duchess) Princeps/Principissa (Prince/Princess, literally meaning “leading citizen”) Prorex/Proregina (Viceroy/Vicereine) Marchio/Marchionissa (Marquees/Marchioness) Comes/Comitissa (Earl/Countess)supplement Vicecomes/Vicecomitissa (Viscount/Viscountess) Baro/Baronissa (Baron/Baroness) Eques (Knight/Dame) Nobilis Homo (N.H.) (Gentleman/Lady) Qing Dynasty of China But that’s just Europe. What about the rest of the world? In China, noble titles were set up very differently, but still vital to get right. Highest in the hierarchy was, of course, the Emperor. He was male, with only one exception: One Empress, Wu Zetian, ruled on her own. Usually, though, the empress was in a secondary role, and underneath her was a whole other minor hierarchy. First, there were three consorts, then nine concubines, 27 shifus, and then 81 imperial wives. They produced the Taizi, or crowned prince. Underneath that giant family was this ranking of nobility, in this order: Dì or Wáng (Regional King) Gōng (Duke, Court-dweller, or Relative of the Emperor) Hóu (Marquee) Bó (Count) Zĭ (Viscount, Philosopher, or Teacher) Nán (Baron) This was the Qing dynasty, however. Names for royalty changed depending on the dynasty. Ancient Egypt The African continent was home to many other royal hierarchies, often but not always imitating that of ancient Egypt. At the top was Pharaoh, literally meaning “Great House,” the title of ancient Egyptian rulers given to those who were somewhat considered to be gods. He had the Great Royal Wife, who produced the Heir. Outside of the royal family was the following pecking order: Fan-bearer on the Right Side of the King (This distinction was for a courtier with a very official or close personal relationship with the Pharaoh.) Viziers The Viceroy The High Priests The Scribes French Nobility Duke of Reims 1216 held by the Archbishop of Reims Duke of Laon ? held by the Bishop of Laon Duke of Langres 1216 held by the Bishop of Langres Count of Beauvais 1216 held by the Bishop of Beauvais Count of Châlons 1216 held by the Bishop of Châlons Count of Noyon 1216 held by the Bishop of Noyon Duke of Normandy 1202 forfeit 1203 Duke of Aquitaine (Guyenne) 1202 forfeit 1203 Duke of Burgundy 1216 merged 1361 Count of Flanders 1224 ceded to the Holy Roman Empire 1531 Count of Champagne 1216 merged 1314 Count of Toulouse House of Capet Title Date of Creation Surname Mode of extinction Notes Reign of Saint Louis IX (8 November 1226 - 25 August 1270) Duke of Guyenne 1259 Plantagenet (House of Anjou) forfeit 1369 also forfeit 1294–1303 and 1347–1360; legitimate male line extinguished in 1499 Reign of Philip III (25 August 1270 - 5 October 1285) none Reign of Philip IV (5 October 1285 - 29 November 1314) Count of Anjou 1297 Royal family merged 1328 for Charles, brother of King Philip IV Count of Artois 1297 Artois (Royal family) ceded to the Holy Roman Empire 1530 Reigns of Louis X (29 November 1314 - 5 June 1316) & John I (15–20 November 1316) Count of Poitou 1314 Royal family merged 1316 for Philip, brother of King Louis X Count of La Marche 1316 Royal family extinct 1321 for Charles, brother of King Philip V Count of Évreux 1316 Évreux (Royal family) exchanged 1404 Reign of Philip V (20 November 1316 - 3 January 1322) Count of Angoulême 1317 Évreux (Royal family) exchanged 1404 Count of La Marche 1321 Bourbon (Royal family) forfeit 1527 Reign of Charles IV (3 January 1322 - 1 February 1328) Count of Étampes 1327 Évreux (Royal family) given away 1381 Duke of Bourbon 1327 Bourbon (Royal family) forfeit 1527 House of Valois Title Date of Creation Surname Mode of extinction Notes Reign of Philip VI (1 February 1328 - 22 August 1350) Count of Beaumont-le-Roger 1328 Artois (Royal family) forfeit 1331 Count of Maine 1331 Royal family merged 1350 for John, son of King Philip VI Duke of Normandy 1332 Royal family merged 1350 for John, son of King Philip VI Duke of Orléans 1344 Royal family extinct 1376 for Philip, son of King Philip VI Count of Valois 1344 Royal family extinct 1376 for Philip, son of King Philip VI Count of Nevers 1347 Royal family, Flanders extinct 1383 for Marguerite, daughter of King Philip V Reign of John II (22 August 1350 - 8 April 1364) Count of Mantes 1353 Évreux (Royal family) exchanged 1404 Count of Beaumont-le-Roger 1354 Évreux (Royal family) exchanged 1404 Duke of Normandy 1355 Royal family merged 1364 for Charles, son of King John II Duke of Anjou 1356 Royal family extinct 1481 for Louis, son of King John II Count of Poitou 1357 Royal family exchanged 1360 for John, son of King John II Count of Mâcon 1359 Royal family exchanged 1360 for John, son of King John II Count of Maine 1360 Royal family extinct 1481 for Louis, son of King John II Duke of Berry 1360 Royal family extinct 1417 for John, son of King John II Duke of Auvergne 1360 Royal family extinct 1521 for Jean, son of King John II Duke of Touraine 1360 Royal family exchanged 1363 for Philip, son of King John II Duke of Burgundy 1363 Royal family extinct 1477 for Philip, son of King John II Reign of Charles V (8 April 1364 - 16 September 1380) Count of Poitou 1369 Royal family extinct 1417 for John, son of King John II Baron of Montpellier 1371 Évreux (Royal family) forfeit 1382 Reign of Charles VI (16 September 1380 - 21 October 1422) Duke of Touraine 1386 Royal family exchanged 1392 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI Duke of Orléans 1392 Royal family merged 1498 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI Count of Valois 1392 Royal family elevated to a dukedom 1406 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI Duke of Guyenne after 1392 Royal family extinct 1400 for Charles, son of King Charles VI Count of Périgord 1399 Orléans (Royal family) sold 1397 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI Duke of Guyenne after 1400 Royal family extinct 1415 for Louis, son of King Charles VI Duke of Touraine 1401 Royal family extinct 1416 for John, son of King Charles VI Duke of Alençon 1404 Alençon (Royal family) extinct 1525 forfeit 1458–1461, 1474–1476 and 1482–1483 Count of Soissons 1404 Orléans (Royal family) merged 1498 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI Baron of Coucy 1404 Orléans (Royal family) merged 1498 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI Duke of Nemours 1404 Évreux (Royal family) extinct 1503 Castellan of Châtillon 1404 ?? ?? Count of Rethel 1405 Bourgogne (Royal family) extinct 1415 Duke of Valois 1406 Royal family merged 1498 for Louis, brother of King Charles VI Count of Mortagne 1407 Royal family extinct 1416 for John, son of King Charles VI Count of Mortain 1407 Évreux (Royal family) forfeit 1408 Castellan of Evry-le-Châtel 1408 ?? ?? Castellan of Jouy-le-Châtel 1408 ?? ?? Count of Mortain 1414 Royal family extinct 1415 for Louis, son of King Charles VI Duke of Berry 1416 Royal family extinct 1416 for John, son of King Charles VI Duke of Touraine 1416 Royal family merged 1422 for Charles, son of King Charles VI Duke of Berry 1417 Royal family merged 1422 for Charles, son of King Charles VI Reign of Charles VII (21 October 1422 - 22 July 1461) Duke of Touraine 1423 Douglas extinct 1440 Count of Évreux 1427 Stewart exchanged after 1428 Count of Saintonge 1428 Stewart For Sale Duke of Normandy 1436 Royal family extinct 1436 for Philip, son of King Charles VII Duke of Guyenne 1436 Royal family extinct 1436 for Philip, son of King Charles VII Count of Foix 1458 Foix, Albret, Bourbon merged 1589 Count of Eu 1458 Artois (Royal family), Bourgogne, Cleves, Lorraine-Guise, Orléans, Bourbon extinct 1775 Count of Nevers 1459 Bourgogne (Royal family) extinct 1464 Reign of Louis XI (22 July 1461 - 30 August 1483) Duke of Berry 1461 Royal family exchanged 1465 for Charles, brother of King Louis XI Count of Nevers 1464 Bourgogne (Royal family) extinct 1491 Duke of Normandy 1465 Royal family exchanged 1469 for Charles, brother of King Louis XI Count of Mortain 1465 Royal family extinct 1474 for Charles, brother of King Louis XI Duke of Guyenne 1469 Royal family extinct 1474 for Charles, brother of King Louis XI Count of Villefranche 1480 Aragon extinct ??? Reign of Charles VIII (30 August 1483 - 7 April 1498) none Reign of Louis XII (7 April 1498 - 1 January 1515) Duke of Valois 1498 Angoulême (Royal family) merged 1515 Count of Nevers 1505 Cleves elevated to a dukedom 1538 Countess of Soissons 1505 Royal family merged 1515 for Claude, daughter of King Louis XII Baronness of Coucy 1505 Royal family merged 1515 for Claude, daughter of King Louis XII Duke of Nemours 1507 Foix extinct 1512 Reign of Francis I (1 January 1515 - 31 March 1547) Duke of Vendôme 1515 Bourbon (Royal family) merged 1589 Duchess of Angoulême 1515 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I Duchess of Anjou 1515 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I Duke of Châtellerault 1515 Bourbon (Royal family) forfeit 1527 Duchess of Valois 1516 Orléans (Royal family) extinct 1520 Duchess of Berry 1517 Orléans (Royal family) extinct 1549 Duke of Nemours 1524 Savoy extinct 1652 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I. Transferred to the grantee's brother in 1528 Duchess of Bourbon 1527 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I Duchess of Châtellerault 1527 Savoy given away 1530 Duke of Guise 1528 Lorraine extinct 1675 Duchess of Auvergne 1528 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I Duchess of Châtellerault 1530 Savoy extinct 1532 for Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I Duke of Nevers 1539 Albret, Cleves, Gonzaga sold 1659 Duke of Montpensier 1539 Bourbon (Royal family) extinct 1608 Duke of Orléans 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I Duke of Angoulême 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I Duke of Châtellerault 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I Count of Clermont 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I Count of La Marche 1540 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I Duke of Bourbon 1544 Royal family extinct 1545 for Charles, son of King Francis I Reign of Henry II (31 March 1547 - 10 July 1559) Duke of Aumale 1547 Lorraine-Guise extinct 1631 Duchess of Berry 1550 Royal family extinct 1574 for Marguerite, sister of King Henry II Duke of Montmorency 1551 Montmorency forfeit 1632 Duke of Albret 1556 Albret, Bourbon merged 1589 for Jeanne d'Albret, suo jure queen of Navarre Reign of Francis II (10 July 1559 - 5 December 1560) None Reign of Charles IX (5 December 1560 - 30 May 1574) Duke of Anjou 1566 Royal family merged 1574 for Henry, brother of King Charles IX Duke of Bourbon 1566 Royal family merged 1574 for Henry, brother of King Charles IX Count of Forez 1566 Royal family merged 1574 for Henry, brother of King Charles IX Duke of Alençon 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX Duke of Château-Thierry 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX Count of Perche 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX Count of Meulan 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX Count of Mantes 1566 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX Duke of Penthièvre 1569 Luxembourg, Lorraine, Bourbon-Vendôme extinct 1687 Duke of Auvergne 1569 Royal family merged 1574 for Henry, brother of King Charles IX Duke of Évreux 1569 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX Count of Dreux 1569 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Charles IX Duke of Mercœur 1569 Lorraine extinct 1712 Duke of Uzès 1572 Crussol abolished 1790 Duke of Mayenne 1573 Lorraine-Guise, Gonzaga sold 1654 Reign of Henry III (30 May 1574 - 2 August 1589) Duke of Saint-Fargeau 1574 Bourbon-Montpensier (Royal family) extinct 1693 Duke of Anjou 1576 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Henry III Duke of Touraine 1576 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Henry III Duke of Berry 1576 Royal family extinct 1584 for Francis, brother of King Henry III Duke of Joyeuse 1581 Joyeuse, Lorraine-Guise extinct 1675 Duke of Piney 1581 Luxembourg, Albert, Clermont, Montmorency–Luxembourg abolished 1790 also known as Duke of Luxembourg Duke of Elbeuf 1581 Lorraine abolished 1790 Duke of Retz 1581 Gondi extinct 1634 Duke of Epernon 1581 La Valette extinct 1661 Duke of Rethel 1581 Gonzaga sold 1658 Duke of Hallwin 1588 Hallwin extinct 1611(?) Duke of Montbazon 1588 Rohan extinct 1593 Duke of Ventadour 1589 Lévis extinct 1717 House of Bourbon Title Date of Creation Surname Mode of extinction Notes Reign of Henry IV (2 August 1589 - 14 May 1610 ) Duke of Montbazon 1595 Rohan abolished 1790 Duke of Thouars 1599 La Trémoille abolished 1790 Duke of Beaufort 1597 Estrées, Bourbon sold 1688 for the mistress of King Henry IV Duke of Vendôme 1598 Bourbon extinct 1712 for Cesar, illegitimate son of King Henry IV Duke of Biron 1598 Gontaut forfeit 1602 Duke of Aiguillon 1600 Lorraine-Mayenne extinct 1621 Duke of Rohan 1603 Rohan extinct 1638 for Henri, Duke of Rohan Duke of Sully 1606 Béthune abolished 1790 Duke of Fronsac 1608 Orléans-Longueville extinct 1631 Duchess of Montpensier 1608 Bourbon (Royal family), Orléans extinct 1693 Duke of Damville 1610 Montmorency forfeit 1632 Reign of Louis XIII (14 May 1610 - 14 May 1643) Duke of Hallwin 1611 Hallwin extinct 1620 Duke of Châteauroux 1616 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) left the possession of this family by 1710 Duke of Luynes 1619 Albert abolished 1790 Duke of Lesdiguières 1620 Bonne, Créquy extinct 1711 Duke of Bellegarde 1620 Saint-Lary extinct 1646 Duke of Brissac 1620 Cossé abolished 1790 Duke of Hallwin 1621 Hallwin, Schomberg extinct 1656 Duke of Candale 1621 La Valette extinct 1639 peerage created for life with no territorial attachment Duke of Chaulnes 1621 Albert extinct 1698 Duke of Orléans 1626 Royal family extinct 1660 for Gaston, brother of King Louis XIII Duke of Chartres 1626 Royal family extinct 1660 for Gaston, brother of King Louis XIII Duke of Chevreuse 1627 Lorraine-Guise sold 1655 Duke of Valois 1630 Royal family extinct 1660 for Gaston, brother of King Louis XIII Duke of Richelieu 1631 Plessis, Vignerot abolished 1790 Duke of La Valette 1631 La Valette extinct 1661 Duke of La Rochefoucauld 1631 La Rochefoucauld abolished 1790 Duke of Montmorency 1633 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) abolished 1790 renamed Duke of Enghien in 1689 Duke of Retz 1634 Gondi extinct 1676 Duke of Fronsac 1634 Plessis, Maillé-Brézé, Bourbon-Condé, Vignerot abolished 1790 Duke of Aiguillon 1634 L'Age extinct 1635 Duke of Saint-Simon 1635 Rouvroy extinct 1755 Duke of La Force 1637 Caumont extinct 1755 Duke of Aiguillon 1638 Vignerot, Plessis abolished 1790 Duke of Albret 1641 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) given away 1651 Duke of Valentinois 1642 Grimaldi extinct 1731 Reign of Louis XIV (14 May 1643 - 1 September 1715) Duke of Rohan 1648 Rohan–Chabot abolished 1790 for Anne de Rohan-Chabot and her husband François, Prince of Soubise Duke of Albret 1665 La Tour d'Auvergne abolished 1790 Duke of Château-Thierry 1665 La Tour d'Auvergne abolished 1790 Duke of Bourbon 1661 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) abolished 1790 Duke of Orléans 1661 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV Duke of Chartres 1661 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV Duke of Valois 1661 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV Duke of Randan 1661 La Rochefoucauld-Randan, Foix de Candale extinct 1714 Duke of Verneuil 1663 Bourbon extinct 1682 for Henry, illegitimate son of King Henry IV Duke of Estrées 1663 Estrées de Lauzières extinct 1737 Duke of Gramont 1663 Gramont abolished 1790 Duke of La Meilleraye 1663 La Porte-Mazarin extinct 1738 Duke of Rethel 1663 La Porte-Mazarin extinct 1738 Duke of Villeroy 1663 Neufville abolished 1794 Duke of Mortemart 1663 Rochechouart abolished 1790 Duke of Poix 1663 Créquy extinct 1687 Duke of Saint-Aignan 1663 Beauvilliers abolished 1790 Duke of La Rocheguyon 1663 Plessis-Liancourt extinct 1674 Duke of Tresmes 1663 Potier abolished 1790 Duke of Noailles 1663 Noailles abolished 1790 Duke of Coislin 1663 Cambout extinct 1732 Duc de Choiseul 1665 Choiseul extinct 1705 Duke of Aumont 1665 Aumont abolished 1790 Duke of La Ferté-Senneterre 1666 Saint-Nectaire extinct 1703 Duke of Montausier 1665 Saint-Maure extinct 1690 Duchesse de La Vallière 1667 La Vallière, Bourbon given away 1698 for the mistress of King Louis XIV Duke of Nemours 1672 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV Duke of Saint-Cloud 1674 n/a abolished 1790 held by the Archbishop of Paris Duke of Béthune-Charost 1690 Béthune abolished 1790 Duke of Damville 1694 Bourbon sold 1719 for Louis-Alexandre, legitimated son of King Louis XIV Duke of Montpensier 1695 Royal family abolished 1790 for Philip, brother of King Louis XIV Duke of Aumale 1695 Bourbon sold 1773 for Louis-Auguste, legitimated son of King Louis XIV Duke of Penthièvre 1697 Bourbon abolished 1790 for Louis-Alexandre, legitimated son of King Louis XIV Duke of Châteauvillain 1703 Bourbon abolished 1790 for Louis-Alexandre, legitimated son of King Louis XIV Duke of Guise 1704 Bourbon-Condé (Royal family) abolished 1790 Duke of Boufflers 1708 Boufflers extinct 1751 Duke of Villars 1709 Brancas extinct 1777 Duke of Harcourt 1709 Harcourt abolished 1790 Duke of Alençon 1710 Royal family extinct 1714 for Charles, grandson of King Louis XIV Duke of Angoulême 1710 Royal family extinct 1714 for Charles, grandson of King Louis XIV Duke of Fitz-James 1710 Fitz-James abolished 1790 Duke of Antin 1711 Pardaillan de Gondrin extinct 1757 Duke of Rambouillet 1711 Bourbon abolished 1790 for Louis-Alexandre, legitimated son of King Louis XIV Duke of Chaulnes 1711 Albert d'Ailly, Albert de Luynes abolished 1790 Duke of Rohan-Rohan 1714 Rohan extinct 1787 for Hercule Meriadec de Rohan Duke of Joyeuse 1714 Melun extinct 1724 Duke of Hostun 1715 Hostun extinct 1755 Reign of Louis XV (1 September 1715 - 10 May 1774) Duke of Villars-Brancas 1716 Brancas abolished 1790 Duke of Roannais 1716 Aubusson de La Feuillade extinct 1725 Duke of Valentinois 1716 Goyon de Matignon, Grimaldi abolished 1790 Duke of Nevers 1720 Mazarini-Mancini abolished 1790 Duke of Biron 1723 Gontaut de Biron abolished 1793 Duke of Lévis 1723 Lévis extinct 1734 Duke of La Vallière 1723 La Baume Le Blanc extinct 1780 Duke of Mercœur 1723 Bourbon-Conti (Royal family) sold 1770 Duke of Châtillon 1736 Châtillon extinct 1762 Duke of Fleury 1736 Rosset abolished 1790 Duke of Gisors 1748 Fouquet extinct 1761 Duke of Duras 1756 Durfort abolished 1790 Duke of Stainville 1758 Choiseul extinct 1785 Duke of La Vauguyon 1758 Quélen de Stuer de Caussade abolished 1790 Duke of Praslin 1762 Choiseul abolished 1790 Duke of Choiseul d'Amboise 1764 Choiseul extinct 1785 Duchesse de Pompadour Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour, mistress of King Louis XVI Duke of Anjou 1771 Royal family abolished 1790 for Louis, brother of King Louis XVI Duke of Angoulême 1773 Royal family abolished 1790 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI Duke of Auvergne 1773 Royal family exchanged 1778 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI Duke of Mercœur 1773 Royal family exchanged 1778 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI Duke of Alençon 1774 Royal family abolished 1790 for Louis, brother of King Louis XVI Reign of Louis XVI (10 May 1774 - 21 September 1792 + exec. 21 January 1793) Duke of Clermont-Tonnerre 1775 Clermont-Tonnerre abolished 1790 Duke of Berry 1776 Royal family abolished 1790 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI Duke of Châteauroux 1776 Royal family abolished 1790 for Charles, brother of King Louis XVI Duke of Aumale 1776 Bourbon abolished 1790 Duke of Gisors 1776 Bourbon abolished 1790 Duke of Brunoy 1777 Royal family given away 1786 for Louis, brother of King Louis XVI Duchesse de Louvois 1777 Royal family abolished 1790 for Marie-Adélaïde and Sophie, daughters of King Louis XV (held jointly) Duke of Aubigny 1777 Stuart, Lennox, Gordon abolished 1790 Duke of Amboise 1787 Bourbon abolished 1790 Duke of Choiseul 1787 Choiseul-Beaupré abolished 1790 Duché de Coigny 1787 Franquetot abolished 1790 Spanish Nobility Three titles of prince are held by the heir to the Spanish throne. Prince of Asturias as heir apparent to the throne of the Kingdom of Castile and León. Prince of Girona as heir apparent to the throne of the Kingdom of Aragon. Prince of Viana as heir apparent to the throne of the Kingdom of Navarre. Duke/Duchess (Duque/Duquesa) Cristóbal Colón de Carvajal, 18th Duke of Veragua Leoncio Alonso González de Gregorio, 22nd Duke of Medina Sidonia Main article: List of dukes in the peerage of Spain All dukedoms are attached to a grandeeship. A partial list includes: Duke of Abrantes Duke of Acerenza Duke of Ahumada Duke of Alba Duke of Alburquerque Duke of Alcalá de los Gazules Duke of Alcudia Duke of Algeciras Duke of Algete Duke of Aliaga Duke of Almazán Duke of Almazán de Saint Priest Duke of Almodóvar del Río Duke of Amalfi Duke of Andría Duke of Arco Duke of Arcos Duke of Arión Duke of Arjona Duke of Aveiro Duke of Bailén Duke of Béjar Duke of Benavente Duke of Bivona Duke of Cádiz Duke of Camiña Duke of Cardona Duke of Ciudad Real Duke of Ciudad Rodrigo, bestowed on the 1st Duke of Wellington for his services to the Spanish King Duke of Feria Duke of Franco, bestowed upon the descendants of General Francisco Franco Duke of Gandia Duke of Granada de Ega Duke of Infantado Duke of Lugo Duke of Mandas Duke of Medina Sidonia Duke of Medinaceli Duke of Moctezuma de Tultengo, held by the descendants of the Aztec Emperor Moctezuma II Duke of Mola, held by the descendants of Emilio Mola, a leader of the 1936 military putsch Duke of Osuna Duke of Palma de Mallorca Duke of Primo de Rivera Duke of Seville Duke of Suárez Duke of Sueca Duke of Tamames Duke of Tetuán Duke of Veragua, held by the descendants of Christopher Columbus Duke of la Victoria Marquess/Marchioness (Marqués/Marquesa) Cayetana Álvarez de Toledo, 14th Marchioness of Casa Fuerte Marquess of Almenara Marquess of Altamira Marquess of Alventos Marquess of Ardales Marquess of Astorga Marquess of Bolarque Marquess of Borghetto Marquess of Camarasa Marquess of Campotéjar Marquess of Castel-Moncayo Marquess of Cañada Honda Marquess of Cañete Marquess of Casa Fuerte Marquess of Del Bosque Marquess of Fuster Marquess of Griñón Marquess of Iria Flavia Marquess de los Jardines de Aranjuez Marquess of Leganés Marquess of Moratalla Marquess of Navamorcuende Marquess of Novaliches Marquess of Larios Marquess of Laserna Marquess of Laula Marquess of O'Shea Marquess of Oquendo Marquess of Portago Marquess of Samaranch Marquess of San Damián Marquess of San Felices de Aragón Marquess of Santa Cruz Marquess of San Saturnino Marquess of Silvela Marquess of Terranova Marquess of Torre Soto de Briviesca Marquess of Urquijo Marquess of Valdecarzana Marquess of Valdueza Marquess of Vallado Marquess of Vargas Llosa Marquess of Villabrágima Marquess of Villaviciosa de Asturias Marquess of Villena Count/Countess (Conde/Condesa) Count of Altamira Count of Barcelona held by Don Juan, heir of Alfonso XIII, father of Juan Carlos I Count of Baños Count of Batanes Count of Bornos Count of Cervera Count of Covadonga Count of Elda: belonged to the House of Coloma. Count of Empúries Count of Fontanar Count of Fontao Count of Lemos Count of Lerín Count of Lucena Count of Maceda Count of Manila Count of Mansilla Count of la Maza Count of la Mejorada Count of Montijo Count of Olocau Count of Roussillon Count of Salvatierra Count of San Esteban de Cañongo Count of Teba Count of Toreno Count of Torre Arias Count of Urgell Count of Velayos Count of Villacieros Count of Villada Count of Yebes Viscount/Viscountess (Vizconde/Vizcondesa) Main article: List of viscounts in the peerage of Spain Viscount of la Alborada Viscount of Altamira Viscount of Banderas Viscount of Cabrera Viscount of la Calzada Viscount of Castillo de Almansa Viscount of Jala-Jala Viscount of Mindanao Viscount of Quintanilla de Florez Viscount of Rocabertí Baron/Baroness (Barón/Baronesa) Main article: List of barons in the peerage of Spain Baronies did not exist in the Kingdom of Castile nor the Kingdom of Navarre, and the subsequent kings of Spain did not confer any baronies attached to Castilian or Navarrese estates. However, they did exist in the Kingdom of Aragon, such as: Baron of Polop Lord/Lady (Señor/Señora) (Don/Doña) Main article: List of lords in the peerage of Spain The title of Señor is, together with that of Conde, the oldest in seniority of the Spanish realms. Many of these lordships are among the oldest titles of nobility in Spain, and the señor usually exercised military and administrative powers over the lordship. Although some lordships were created by the kings of Spain, others existed before them and have not been created by any known king. For example, the lord of Biscay held a great degree of independence from the king of Castile, to whom he could pledge or not pledge feudal allegiance, but of whom he was not automatically a vassal: each new lord of Biscay had to renew his oath to the king. Ultimately, however, the kings of Castile inherited the lordship. Besides those held by the King, in Spain remain seven lordships that maintain the official consideration of Titles of the Kingdom according to the Official Guide of the Titles and Grandees of the Kingdom published by the Ministry of Justice: the Lordship of Solar de Tejada, the Lordship of Solar de Mandayona y Villaseca, the Lordship of Alconchel, the Lordship of Lazcano (with Grandee of Spain), the Lordship of Rubianes (with Grandee of Spain), the Lordship of Higuera de Vargas (with Grandee of Spain), the Lordship of Meirás (with Grandee of Spain) and the Lordship of Sonseca. Other lordships that were considered as Titles of the Kingdom in the past, have not been rehabilitated. Lord of Alconchel Lord of Balaguer, held by the King of Spain Lord of Biscay, held by the Spanish monarchy since 1378, when merged with the previously semi-independent lordship of Biscay Lord of Higuera de Vargas Lord of Casa Lazcano Lord of Meirás, señora de Meiras, Carmen Polo wife of Francisco Franco Lord of Casa Rubianes Lord of Solar de Tejada Lord of Sonseca Other titles Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo, daughter of King Juan Carlos I Infante: currently borne by royal princes, other than the heir apparent to the throne, who are sons of a Spanish king. Knight of the Order of Charles III caballero de la Orden de Carlos III: the bestowal of the highest order of knighthood on an individual grants personal nobility and certain heraldic privileges such as a heraldic mantle. The King of Spain continues to bestow this honor. Knight of the Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic caballero de la Orden de Isabel la Catolica: the bestowal of the second highest order of knighthood on an individual grants personal nobility and certain heraldic privileges such as a golden heraldic mantle. The King of Spain continues to bestow this honor. Ricohombre (fem. Ricahembra): used during the Reconquista. By the 17th century, it was a synonym of nobleman. Condestable: cognate with "constable", it was a hereditary title used in the kingdoms of Castile and León for the official second in authority to the king. It became hereditary in the Velasco family which, however, gradually lost the powers once attributed to the Condestable of Castile. Caballero: equivalent to knight, it was very rare in the kingdom of Castile, but common in the kingdom of Aragon, where there were four types of caballeros: Golden-spur caballero: borne by those infanzones (descendants of one of the cadet branches of the kings of Aragon which did not inherit the throne) who had been knighted. They were the highest ranking knights. Royal-privilege caballero: a personal, non-hereditary title granted by the king to doctors of the law. It was rarely used by its holders, since the doctoral status enjoyed more privileges. Caballero Mesnadero: borne by the cadet sons of a Ricohombre. It fell into desuetude during the 18th century, when the Bourbon kings purged the ranks of the nobility. Caballero franco: borne by those of hijosdalgo or infanzone status, but who were commoner-born. Potestad: borne only in the kingdom of Aragon, the equivalent of the Italian podestà, an administrative title. It disappeared with the Nueva Planta decrees in 1713. Ottoman Empire Sultan, Padishah (Emperor) and Khan   Comments
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